1) Otto I- had a good relationship with the Pope and Church, then it went bad at the very end.

2) Fredrick II- was excommunicated by Pope Gregory

3) Henry IV- Pope Gregory VII began reforms to reassert a Church dominion over imperial rulers.
Henry eventually overthrew Gregory but succumbed to new ordinances

4) Fredrick Barbarossa- gathered an army of Crusaders and defeated the Moslems in 2 great battles.

1) King John- excommunicated in 1209 by Pope Innocent III

2) King Henry II- Henry instituted many reforms to weaken traditional feudal ties and strengthen his position.

3) William the Conqueror- He extended tight feudal system to England.

1) King Louis IX- was a saint, had a strong royal court system, and strong ties with the Pope

2) King Philip II- he fought with the Papal State

3) King Philip IV- Also had a conflict against the Papal States, as he wanted to tax religious workers against the Pope's will. In the end, Pope Boniface VIII was captured and killed.

4) Hugh Capet- He was against the papal state, arrested and kidnapped many religious people in 998

All the Kings in the three countries