It had stated that there were twelve infallible imams, which were religious leaders. Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law, Ali. The hidden imam had went missing to avoid persecution, however the Twelver Shiites thought he was still alive and would return. Ismail’s father had told his followers that wear a red hat with pleats representing the twelve Shiite imams and became known as the “qizilbash”. They had thought that Ismail would make them invincible, and they were linked in fidelity to the Safavid cause.

Explain what Twelver Shiism is.