Number 5

The Mughal dynasty was founded by Babur (r. 1526-1530 CE), a Mongol-Turkic prince from Ferghana (modern Uzbekistan). Ousted from his lands in Central Asia, he turned his attention to the fertile lands of the Delhi Sultanate in northern India. From his base in Kabul, which he conquered in 1504, he gradually captured more territory farther east. Babur finally defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the head of the Delhi Sultanate, in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 (despite having a much smaller army), and took his kingdom, thus establishing the beginnings of the Mughal Empure.