Jacques Maritain (1882-1973)
-French Catholic philosopher
-Believed intelligence alone is not sufficient to comprehend the universe
-You must have a relationship to a spiritual being

Robert M. Hutchins (1899-1977)
-Former chancellor of the University of Chicago
-Ideal education is designed to develop the mind and concentrates on the Great Books of Western civilization

Mortimer Adler (1902-2001)
-Opposed differential curriculum
-Thought a democratic society should have access to the same high quality education

Leading Proponents

Allan Bloom (1930-1992)
-Crisis of "cultural illiteracy"
-Advocated for teaching and learning the Great Books, information with lasting significance.