Winter

: The reason we have winter is because the north hemishpere is pointed away from the sun.
: the axis is pointed to the north star and during the perihelion the North Star is away from the sun so the axis is pointed away from the sun that is why it is winter.
: during the winter people think the earth is farthest away but actually it is the closest to the sun.
: during the winter we have indirect sunlight have a low solar angle which causes shorter days.

Summer

: During summer the northern hemisphere is tilting toward the sun.
: Due to the solar angle and direct sunlight it is hotter in the summer.
: during the summer the earth is farther away from the sun then any other time.