DNA Microinjection

- The insertion of DNA is, however, a random process, and there is a high probability that the introduced gene will not insert itself into a site on the host DNA that will permit its expression.

- This method involves the direct microinjection of a desired gene construct from another member of the same or different species into the pronucleus of a reproductive cell.

- the manipulated cell, which first must be cultured in a lab to develop to a specific embryonic phase, is then transferred to the recipient female, or foster mother.