Because the French had gained control over Vietnam by intimidation, duress and direct military threat, there was much anger amongst the Vietnamese towards them. The fact that there was political mayhem amongst the Vietnamese rulers heightened distrust of them by the Vietnamese.

Within months, Can Vuong (loyalty to the Emperor) was created, it was a anti-colonist movement consisting of mandarins, military officers, regional governors. Later on a modest peasant army was also part of this organisation however they still could not defeat the French. Therefore the group resorted to guerrilla warfare. All opposition to the French was ruthlessly suppressed.

Response