energy band gap

spin density

F-GRAPHENE

Advantages of covalently functionalized graphene

Factors determining the electrocatalytic performance of heteroatom-doped graphene

charge density

Zhao et al., 2016

Single-sided F-graphene: Metal-free catalyst for ORR

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excellent fuel selectivity and durability

synthesis is relatively easy with low energy consumption and ready for large-scale production

higher functionalization ratio allows more active sites for ORR

F-graphenes with 12.5% modification ratio - typically exhibit spin density which favors ORR