Slavery and Religion

In the South, generally churches who preached biblical slavery, such as Baptist and Methodist churches, saw an increase in membership. In contrast, Churches up North like the Unitarians, challenged slavery and saw a decrease in membership. The Catholic Church and the Episcopalians, took a neutral stand on slavery and therefore saw decreasing numbers of membership in the South.

Rationalism

The belief in human reason, was popular after the Enlightenment and the American Revolution.

It was combated by the Second Great Awakening, a set of religious revivals.

Calvinism- began as a counter attack against liberal views of rationalism.

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The Second Great Awakening

Created a generation of religiously zealous young men who spoke to the people, so even the uneducated could understand them. They spoke of opportunity and salvation for all. These movements when in hand with democratization of American society and politics.

The effect of this movement towards evangelization effected American politics and society because now religion was a part of these institutions, no longer a separation of religion and state. The social aspect is that people of the same faith tradition tended to only befriend other of the same faith. There were also now divisions in society between the newer, evangelical, sects and the older Protestant Churches.