Amarro Fiamberti, a psychiatrist first developed a procedure that involved accessing the frontal lobes through the eye sockets, which would inspire Freeman to develop the transorbital lobotomy in 1945.

The transorbital method of performing a lobotomy did not require a traditional surgeon and operating room.

This technique involved using an instrument called an orbitoclast, a modified ice pick, that the physician would insert through the patient's eye socket using a hammer.

The orbitoclast instrument would then be moved side-to-side to separate the frontal lobes from the thalamus, the part of the brain that receives and relays sensory input.

Transorbital Lobotomy

Lewis, T. Lobotomy: Definition, Procedure & History.(2014, August 28)

Retrieved September 21, 2015, from http://www.livescience.com/