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External fertilization is a form of fertilization in which a sperm cell is united with an egg cell external to the body of the female. Thus, the fertilization is said to occur "externally". This is distinct from internal fertilization where the union of the egg and sperm occur inside the female after insemination through copulation. Advantages of internal fertilization are that the sperm and egg cell are better protected, but only a few offspring are produced. External fertilization can, in some cases, be a waste of sperm and egg cells, but the advantage is that many offspring can be produced.

Internal/external fertilization

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Industriographic

By AlecDavis

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