The Emancipation Proclamation was issued in 1862 by President Abraham Lincoln. During the war, hopes for the Union to abolish slavery seemed quite impossible, therefore President Lincoln took action by decreeing the Emancipation Proclamation after the war's final military victory at the Battle of Antietam. The proclamation basically read that as of January 1, 1863, all enslaved African Americans were officially free in (most) states, people were not allowed to repress them for claiming their rightful freedom and that all executive, military and naval forces of the United States would recognize them as free people. On January 1,1863, President Lincoln issued the final proclamation to abolish slavery.

The Ku Klux Klan was founded during the winter of 1865-1866. Despite what most people know, the Ku klux Klan was a social club at first, rather than a cult of terrorists. Even though starting out as a secret group of six Confederate veterans, the Klan grew into a malicious group of white individuals that targeted black politicians, leader and civilians. The K.K.K wore white robes, masks and tall cone-shaped hats. There are many horrific stories about the gruesome murders the Ku Klux Klan have committed, but they whipped and killed just about any black American. Eventually, the Ku Klux Klan was finally stopped in 1872 with the help of police forces and the Enforcement Acts of 1870 and 1871.

The election for presidency in 1876 was between two candidates, Samuel J. Tilden (democrat) and Rutherford B. Hayes (republican). Tilden won the popular vote but was was only trailing a little bit ahead of Hayes with the electoral votes. A lot of confusion took place after both parties claimed different things about each candidate until the conflict lasted for about a year. The election came to a deadlock, forcing Congress to appoint a Electoral Commission made of both democrats and republicans. It came to a conclusion that Hayes won the election.

The Fourteenth Amendment was an amendment that allowed once enslaved African Americans to gain citizenship. This amendment was issued by the Congress in 1866 but was ratified throughout states in 1868. This amendment ensured black Americans citizenship, liberties and prohibited states from denying any black person their rights. The Fourteenth Amendment gave equal protection for all once enslaved people in America.