-First rose in 2600 BC and lasted for 700 year
-Covered largest area until Persia
-Indian subcontinent isolated with limited contact because of the Hindu Kush and Himalayan mountains
-Civilization developed because of three major zones: Gangetic Plain, Deccan plateau, and coastal plains (East and West Ghats)
-Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra rivers run through the Gangetic plain, making it fertile farming land
-Deccan plateau is dry and scantly populated
-Coastal plains good farming land
-civilization ended in 1900 BC.

Indus River Valley Civilization