Succession

Sand dunes/bare rock

This is an area where there are no living organisms.

Pioneer species

mosses add nutrients to the soil to help plants grow, moss needs lichens in this process.

Grass and weeds

Shrubs and small trees

When these decay after they die they add important nutrients to the soil to make the soil rich.

Larger trees

Takes a long time to develop and is so tall and large that it blocks out sunlight for the smaller plants below, the plants below soon die out completely.

Climax community

This is a forests most mature point and the final stage of succession.

Like all other plants shrubs and small trees they require rich soil that is full of the right amount of nutrients to survive

Pictures of climax community's