Gregor Mendel was a Salesian scientist. During 1856-1863, he was responsible for discovering the beginning of genetics. While he studied the transmission of heredity traits in plant hybrids using pea plants, he came up with 2 laws which are:

1.) The Law of Segregation: Dominant and recessive traits are passed on randomly from the "parent" to the offspring.
2.) The Law of independent assortment: traits are passed on independently of other traits from the parent to the offsprings

He also come to the conclusion that heredity followed basic statistical laws. His discoveries made a foundation for modern genetics, and heredity is now found in many diseases.

Gregor Mendel