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Membrane Transport
Substances can be transported through the plasma membrane either passively or actively.
passive processes- substances cross the membrane without any energy input from the cell.
Processes: simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, filtration
energy source: kinetic energy or hydrostatic pressure
direction: particles move from an area of higher concentration/ pressure to an area of lesser concentration/ pressure
active processes- the cell provides metabolic energy needed to move substances across the membrane
processes: primary active transport, secondary active transport, exocytosis, endocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor mediated endocytosis.
Energy source: ATP
Direction: in active transport substances are moved against the gradient and in vesicular transport substances are engulfed by the cell membrane and are brought to the opposite side
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