The Tale of John Marsh

John Marsh was one of the largest ranchers in California. He determined that California would be better as part of the United States because of a squabble with Mexican courts. He led a letter-writing campaign that praised California’s climate and rich soil. He enticed others to settle in California and provided them with guidance and assistance in gaining passports.

Marsh helped end the rule of the last Mexican governor of California, and thereby laid the groundwork for acquisition by the U.S.

The Bear Flag Revolt

In 1846 settlers rebelled against the Mexican government. They raised a Bear Flag that had a red stripe and the words “California Republic.” During that same year, the Mexican-American War broke out and the Treaty of Cahuenga secured California as part of America.

1600-1800s.

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PERSPECTIVE

First European Contact

in 1542

Portola Expedition of 1769-70 led to Spanish missionaries setting up 21 California Missions.

Spanish missionaries also built several forts (presidios) and three small towns (pueblos).

Mexican War of Independence in 1821

The Bear Flag Revolt - Settlers rebelled against Mexican rule in 1846

Treaty of Cahuegna - signed on January 13 1847 - secured American control in California