How were the Mongols organized politically?

Genghis Khan broke up tribes and forced the men who could, to fight for the military. He also chose military and political officials to lead and assist in leading rather than picking people due to rank in the tribe. He picked on the basis of talent and loyalty. It was essentially like a tribal monarchy, but Genghis Khan saw himself as a conqueror and leader rather than someone was a complete protector. He chose people he trusted to do important things.