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Page 116: CTQ #4- The normal function of one tumor suppressor gene is to prevent cells with damaged chromosomes and DNA fro "progressing from G1 to S1" whereas another tumor suppressor gene prevents "passage from G2 to M." When these tumor suppressor genes fail to work, cancer can result. Explain what the phrases in quotations mean.
During G1, cells are growing rapidly and carrying out the regular functions, the S phase is when the DNA synthesis ( S) starts and it ends when the DNA is replicated. In G2, materials for cell division are synthesized and the growth continues. Then the M phase come and mitosis and cytokinesis occur, producing two daughter cells.