Anatomy and Physiology Summer Work

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28. Lysosomes are spherical membranous organelles containing digestive enzymes. They function as a cells "demolition crew" by digesting particles taken in by endocytosis, particularly ingested bacteria, viruses, and toxins, degrading worn-out or nonfunctional organelles, performing metabolic functions, such as glycogen breakdown and release, breaking down nonuseful tissues, and breaking down bone to release calcium ions into the blood. Peroxisomes are membranous sacs containing a variety of powerful enzymes. The most important two are oxidases and catalases. Oxidases use molecular oxygen to detoxify harmful substances, including alcohol and formaldehyde. Their most important function is to neutralize dangerous free radicals. They can convert free radicals to hydrogen peroxide, which is also reactive and dangerous but is quickly converted to water by catalase enzymes.

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Anatomy and Physiology Summer Work

By Alexis Collins

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