Translation-
The base sequence is translated into the amino acid sequence

DNA-
-promoter is a DNA sequence adjacent to the start point of the structural gene that specifies were mRNA synthesis starts
-serves as the template

mRNA
-directs translation at the ribosome
-edited before it is mRNA by spliceosomes that snip out introns

Transcription- The transfer of information from DNA genes base sequence to the complementary base sequence of an mRNA molecule.

2 phases of protein synthesis:

Transcription only involves DNA and mRNA

Involves tRNA, mRNA & rRNA

tRNA-
Job is to transfer amino acids dissolved in the cytosol to the ribosome
-when the amino acid is loaded, it moves to the ribosome and moves the amino acid into proper position

mRNA-
When reaches the cytoplasm it binds to a small ribosomal subunit by base pairing to tRNA

Triplets- Sequence of 3 bases

Codons-The corresponding three basic sequence on mRNA (corresponds to triplets)

Anticodons- A 3-base sequence complementary to the mRNA codon calling for the amino acid carried by that particular tRNA
-Forms hydrogen bonds with complementary codons