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Active and Passive Transport
Active Transport has primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport is when hydrolysis of ATP results in the transportation of protein. Protein pumps the solute across the membrane. The biggest example of this is sodium potassium pump. The second active transport is called secondary active transport. This is when a single ATP powered pump can indirectly drive the secondary active transport of several other solutes. By doing this the pump stores energy in the ion gradient. When it is pushed across it leaks when it comes back along the concentration gradient. Other substances are then carried by a common carrier protein.
The two main types of passive transport are diffusion and filtration. Diffusion is important because cells use it doe passive membrane transport. It is the tendency of molecules or ions to disperse evenly throughout the environment. The overall movement is molecules move way from areas of higher concentration to areas with less concentration until the environment is equal. They diffuse from one place to another. Filtration is the process that forces water and solutes through a membrane wall by fluid pressure. The gradient for filtration is a pressure gradient that pushes solute-containing fluid from a higher pressure to a lower pressure.
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