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4. The normal function of one tumor-suppressor gene is to prevent cells with damaged chromosomes and DNA from "progressing from G1 to S," whereas another tumor-suppressor gene prevents "passage G2 to M." When these tumor-suppressor genes fail to work, cancer can result. Explain what the phrases in quotations mean.
Answer: The first quotation means it is stopping it from going to the synthesis stage. The second quotation is stopping it from going to the mitosis stage. This is not allowing the cell to duplicate and results in cancer.
Critical Thinking Questions
5. In their anatomy lab, many students are exposed to the chemical preservatives phenol, formaldehyde, and alcohol. Our cells break down these toxins very effectively. What cellular organelle is responsible for this?
Answer: Peroxisomes is responsible for the break down.