Chapter 3
Question 29-Describe the process of DNA replication

1)The first step of DNA replication is for the DNA helices to start to unwind from the nucleosomes.
2)Then the helicase enzyme untwists the double helix and gradually separates the DNA into 2 complementary nucleotide chains, so that the nitrogen bases are showing
3)Then each nucleotide acts as a set of instructions for building a new complementary nucleotide strand from free DNA precursors dissolved in the nucleoplasm
4)Next, the proteins slowly accumulate until there are a lot of different proteins in the replisome. There are RNA primers that have short ten strand formations that help initiate the DNA synthesis.
5)When the primer is in place, the DNA polymerase III comes along, and it positions the matching nucleotides along the template strand and then covalently link them together. The polymerase only works in one direction and has a leading strand that is synthesized continuously, and lagging strand that is made in segments in the other direction.
6)Then the DNA ligase splices the short segments together. The final result of this is that two DNA molecules are formed from the original DNA helix and are identical to it
7)Once the replication ends, the histones associate with the DNA and they complete the new chromatin strands. They are held together by a centromere, which then condenses to make chromatids. They stay attached from the centromere and a protein complex called cohesin but only until the cell has entered the anaphase stage.