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Acids and bases......
Acid= a substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) in detectable amounts.
On the pH scale,acids are 0-6 and they are considered proton donors
Base= proton acceptors and they take up hydrogen ions in detectable amounts. Hydroxyl ions (OH-) are liberated and on the pH scale, they are 8-14
Concept of pH:
The more hydrogen ions there are, the more acidic the substance is.
-log[H+]=pH
10^a + 10^b= 10^-14
Ex.) when a substance has a pH of 7, then the H+ concentration equals 10^-7
The OH- concentration therefore also equals 7, so the substance is neutral