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Process of Tissue repair:
1. Inflammation: Tissue trauma causes injured tissue cells and others to release inflammatory chemicals, causing capillaries to dilate and become permeable, allowing white cells and plasma fluid to seep into the injured area. The leaked proteins make a clot, stopping the loss of blood, holds the edges of the wound together, and walls in the injured area preventing bacteria or other harmful substances from spreading to tissues.
2. Organization restores the blood supply: the blood clot is replaced by granulation tissue, containing capillaries that grow in from nearby areas and lay down a new capillary bed. In the granulation tissue are proliferating fibroblasts that produce growth factors as well as collagen fibers to bridge the gap. Granulation tissue is highly resistant to infections.
3. Regeneration and Fibrosis effect permanent repair: surface epithelium begins to regenerate, growing under the scab, which soon detaches. End result is a full regenerated epithelium, and underlying area of scar tissue.