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Substances move through the plasma membrane through passive and active transports.
-The two main types of passive transport is diffusion and filtration. Diffusion is a means of passive transport across every cell in the body, while filtration occurs usually only across capillary walls. In Diffusion, the molecules move from high to low concentration areas, a molecule will only diffuse through the membrane if it is lipid soluble, small enough to pass through the channels, or assisted by a carrier molecule. Filtration is the process that forces water and solutes through a membrane or capillary wall by fluid pressure.
-Active transport is whenever a cell uses the bond energy of ATP to move solutes across the membrane. The substances that move through are usually unable to pass anywhere by passive transport. Active transporters, or solute pumps move solutes uphill against a concentration gradient. Moves more than one substance at a time. Vesicular transport, another kind of active transport, transports large particles, macromolecules, and fluids across the membrane.
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