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Water & Salt
Water is important to homeostasis because it makes up 60 to 80% of all cells. It's high heat capacity means that sudden changes in external temperature do not affect the body and it redistributes the heat. Water's high heat of vaporization cools the body when it evaporates as sweat. Water is polar and a good solvent, which is important because nearly all reactions in the body occur when the reactants are dissolved. Water is an important reactant in hydrolysis and dehydration reactions. It also cushions sensitive internal organs.
Salts are important to homeostasis because when dissolved in water, they disassociate into ions, called electrolytes. Electrolytes are important for nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, blood clotting, and enzyme activity.